基于muddy-LOICZ模型的小清河河口及下游河段营养盐通量估算     

邹涛  张华  于靖 《海洋科学》2017,41(5):117-126

基于2013年7月、9月小清河口及9月小清河下游河道分段营养盐数据,采用LOICZ及改进的muddy LOICZ生物地球化学收支模型,分析了小清河口及下游河道分区域的水体存留时间和营养盐收支。结果表明,小清河口夏、秋季水体存留时间分别为0.67 d和3.09 d,夏、秋季DIP平均收支分别为–2.96×103、–1.72×103 mol/d,夏、秋季DIN平均收支分别为–1.55×106、–0.77×106 mol/d。进一步分析表明,河口生产力旺盛,存在净生产过程,成为氮磷的汇,且磷汇通量要远远小于氮汇,存在强烈的反硝化反应的脱氮过程,说明该河口的低氧问题需得到进一步重视。不同的河道区域其生产力水平、呼吸作用、光合作用和硝化作用等强度等均有所不同,且在羊口镇附近有大量支流和生活排污进入,小清河下游流域的综合治理不能单一全篇而论,而应该针对不同的河道区域特点进行分别治理。需要注意的是,LOICZ模型为箱式模型,忽略物理过程的作用以及更详细的生物地球化学过程。  相似文献   

Macroalgal bioindicators (growth, tissue N, delta(15)N) detect nutrient enrichment from shrimp farm effluent entering Opunohu Bay, Moorea, French Polynesia     

Lin DT  Fong P 《Marine pollution bulletin》2008,56(2):245-249

Nutrient enrichment from shrimp aquaculture poses an increasing environmental threat due to the industry's projected rapid growth and unsustainable management practices. Traditional methods to monitor impacts emphasize water quality sampling; however, there are many advantages to bioindicators, especially in developing countries. We investigated the usefulness of three bioindicators -- growth, tissue nitrogen content and nitrogen stable isotope signature (delta(15)N) -- in the tropical red macroalga Acanthophora spicifera. Algae were collected, cultured, and deployed in a spatial array around the outflow from a shrimp farm in Moorea, French Polynesia, to detect nitrogenous wastes. All three parameters were highest adjacent to the shrimp farm indicating nutrient enrichment, and delta(15)N values confirmed the shrimp farm as the dominant nutrient source (5.63-5.96 per thousand). Isotope ratios proved the most sensitive indicator, as delta(15)N signatures were detected at the most distant sites tested, confirming their usefulness in tracing nutrients and mapping the spatial extent of enrichment.  相似文献   

Nutrient availability in support of Karenia brevis blooms on the central West Florida Shelf: What keeps Karenia blooming?     

Gabriel A. Vargo  Cynthia A. Heil  Kent A. Fanning  L. Kellie Dixon  Merrie Beth Neely  Kristen Lester  Danylle Ault  Susan Murasko  Julie Havens  John Walsh  Steven Bell 《Continental Shelf Research》2008

Identifying nutrient sources, primarily nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), sufficient to support high biomass blooms of the red tide dinoflagellate, Karenia brevis, has remained problematic. The West Florida Shelf is oligotrophic, yet populations >10⁶ cells L⁻¹ frequently occur and blooms can persist for months. Here we examine the magnitude and variety of sources for N and P that are available to support blooms. Annual average in situ or background concentrations of inorganic N in the region where blooms occur range 0.02–0.2 μM while inorganic P ranges 0.025–0.24 μM. Such concentrations would be sufficient to support the growth of populations up to ∼3×10⁴ cells L⁻¹ with at least a 1 d turnover rate. Organic N concentrations average 1–2 orders of magnitude greater than inorganic N, 8–14 μM while organic P concentrations average 0.2–0.5 μM. Concentrations of organic N are sufficient to support blooms >10⁵ cells L⁻¹ but the extent to which this complex mixture of N species is utilizable is unknown. Other sources of nutrients included in our analysis are aerial deposition, estuarine flux, benthic flux, zooplankton excretion, N₂-fixation, and subsequent release of organic and inorganic N by Trichodesmium spp., and release of N and P from dead and decaying fish killed by the blooms. Inputs based on atmospheric deposition, benthic flux, and N₂-fixation, were minor contributors to the flux required to support growth of populations >2.6×10⁴ cells L⁻¹. N and P from decaying fish could theoretically maintain populations at moderate concentrations but insufficient data on the flux and subsequent mixing rates does not allow us to calculate average values. Zooplankton excretion rates, based on measured zooplankton population estimates and excretion rates could also supply all of the N and P required to support populations of 10⁵ and 10⁶ cells L⁻¹, respectively, but excretion is considered as “regenerated” nutrient input and can only maintain biomass rather than contribute to “new” biomass. The combined estuarine flux from Tampa Bay, Charlotte Harbor, and the Caloosahatchee River can supply a varying, but at times significant level of N and P to meet growth and photosynthesis requirements for populations of approximately 10⁵ cells L⁻¹ or below. Estimates of remineralization of dead fish could supply a significant proportion of bloom maintenance requirements but the rate of supply must still be determined. Overall, a combination of sources is required to maintain populations >10⁶ cells L⁻¹.  相似文献   

Nutrient distributions over the Southwestern South Atlantic continental shelf from Mar del Plata (Argentina) to Itajaí (Brazil): Winter–summer aspects     

Elisabete S. Braga  Vitor C. Chiozzini  Gláucia B.B. Berbel  João C.C. Maluf  Valquíria M.C. Aguiar  Marcela Charo  Daniel Molina  Sílvia I. Romero  Beatriz B. Eichler 《Continental Shelf Research》2008

Nutrient distributions observed at some depths along the continental shelf from 27°05′S (Brazil) to 39°31′S (Argentina) in winter, 2003 and summer, 2004 related to salinity and dissolved oxygen (mL L⁻¹) and saturation (%) data showed remarkable influences of fresh water discharge over the coastal region and in front of the La Plata estuary. In the southern portion of the study area different processes were verified. Upwelling processes caused by ocean dynamics typical of shelf break areas, eddies related to surface dynamics and regeneration processes confirmed by the increase of nutrients and the decrease of dissolved and saturation oxygen data were verified. High silicate concentrations in the surface waters were identified related to low salinities (minimum of 21.22 in winter and 21.96 in summer), confirming the importance of freshwater inputs in this region, especially in winter. Silicate concentration range showed values between 0.00 and 83.52 μM during winter and from 0.00 to 41.16 μM during summer. Phosphate concentrations worked as a secondary trace of terrestrial input and their values varied from 0.00 to 3.30 μM in winter and from 0.03 to 2.26 μM in summer; however, in shallow waters, phosphate indicated more clearly the fresh water influence. The most important information given by nitrate concentrations was the presence of water from SACW upwelling that represents a new source of nutrients for marine primary production. Nitrate maximum values reached 41.96 μM in winter and 33.10 μM in summer. At a depth ∼800 m, high nitrate, phosphate and silicate concentrations were related to Malvinas Current Waters, Subantarctic Shallow Waters and Antarctic Atlantic Intermediate Waters (AAIW). Dissolved oxygen varied from 3.41 to 7.06 mL L⁻¹ in winter and from 2.65 to 6.85 mL L⁻¹ in summer. The percentage of dissolved oxygen saturation in the waters showed values between 48% and 113% in winter and from 46% to135% in summer. The most important primary production was verified in the summer, and situations of undersaturation were mainly observed below 50 m depth and at some points near the coast. The anti-correlation between nutrients and dissolved oxygen which showed evident undersaturation also revealed important potential sites of remineralization processes. The nutrient behaviours showed some aspects of the processes that occur over the Southwestern South Atlantic continental shelf and in their land–sea interfaces between Mar del Plata and Itajaí.  相似文献   

北黄海浮游植物营养盐限制的初步研究   总被引：29，自引：4，他引：25  

王勇  焦念志 《海洋与湖沼》1999,30(5):512-518

于１９９７年１１月,在北黄海采用现场实验的方法,研究营养盐对浮游植的的上行效应。将浮物植的分为３个粒级：网采浮游植物（ｎｅｔｐｈｙｔｏｐｈｌａｎｋｔｏｎ,简称ｎｅｔ,２０－２００μｍ）微型浮植物（ｎａｎｏｐｈｙｔｏｐｌａｎｋｔｏｎ,简称ｎａｎｏ－,２－２０μｍ）和超微型浮游植物（ｐｉｃｏｐｈｙｔｏｐｌａｎｋｔｏｎ,简称ｐｉｃｏ－,〈２μｍ）实验期间ｐｉｃｏ－味绿素ａ的生物量占整个浮的群总叶绿素ａ生  相似文献   

南黄海营养盐的平面分布及横向输运   总被引：15，自引：3，他引：12  

王保栋  王桂云  郑昌洙  梁东范 《海洋学报》1999,21(6):124-129

黄海对我国是颇为重要的陆架海区,也是世界上最典型的半封闭性陆架浅海之一。它和所有陆架海区一样,是人类活动、经济开发最为集中的地带,也是陆地、海洋、大气各种过程相互作用较为激烈的地带。  相似文献   

河流营养物质输入及结构变化对河口富营养化潜力的影响     

林玲  许文锋  刘丽华  王飞飞  杨盛昌  曹文志 《湖泊科学》2023,35(6):1990-1999

河口是连接陆地-海洋的一个关键区域,具有重要的生态系统服务价值。然而,随着经济快速发展,河口接纳了越来越多来自于流域等地的营养物质,导致河口生态系统的富营养化潜力大大增加。本研究利用沿海富营养化潜力指数(index of coastal eutrophication potential,ICEP)量化河流输入对九龙江河口所产生的影响,特别是对富营养化指标的年度和季节性变化动态进行了分析。结果表明,九龙江河口区溶解性无机氮(DIN)和溶解性无机磷(DIP)浓度年均值均呈波动性增长,自1980s以来九龙江河口营养负荷发生了较显著变化,1980s—2006年期间DIN通量平均值为3.967×10³ t/a,而2006—2020年期间增加到2.924×10⁴ t/a,增长了637.14%,其中最高值达8.279×10⁴ t/a。两个时期DIP通量平均值分别为1.131×10²和2.282×10² t/a,增长了101.87%,其中最高值达6.128×10² t/a...  相似文献   

贵州省贞丰县耕地表层土壤养分元素有效量和有效度分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

赵敏  谭玉梅  兰永文  王洪雨  吴鹏 《贵州地质》2020,37(3):384-389, 357

通过在贞丰县域开展全面1∶50000耕地质量地球化学调查工作,获得了区内耕地表层土壤元素含量或指标的高精度分析数据。为分析区内营养元素有效量和有效度的影响因素,选用了N、P、K、B、Mo、Zn元素及pH值、有机质含量、CEC数据进行分析。贞丰县表层土壤元素全量是其有效量的重要控制因素;pH值与K元素有效度呈正相关关系,与N、Mo、Zn元素有效度呈负相关关系;有机质与K、B元素有效度呈正相关关系,与Mo元素呈负相关关系;阳离子交换量与K、B元素有效度呈正相关关系,与P、Mo元素呈负相关关系。  相似文献   

双星系中两子星的自转对双星轨道变化的后牛顿效应     

李林森 《时间频率学报》1998,21(1):78-83

本文利用解摄动方程的平均值法求得在PPN框架中二体自转对轨道要素产生的后牛顿效应的长期变化影响．利用这一理论对CWCep和DRVul两颗双星中两子星的自转对轨道近星点和平近点角的长期摄动的后牛顿效应做了计算。结果表明：对于两个质量较大快速自转的子星,由此所产生的后牛顿效应的摄动量是不能忽视的。  相似文献   

条件要素研究与区域经济地理学科建设   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

《世界地理研究》1998,(2)

通过探讨经济地域条件与要素的概念、形成过程、分类、组合以及各自功能,明确了两者的理论区别与联系,进而对世界经济地域条件与要素发展历史与现状进行了实证分析。经济地域要素的提出以及条件要素关系的阐明,是区域经济地理学科“条件──结构──类型──系统”理论框架的重要补充与完善。  相似文献